Problem $1$: Use Fig. $1$ to answer the questions below. $(5$ marks$)$

In cement manufacturing,

a$)$ What primary raw materials are used in stage $1?$

b$)$ What are the cement chemistry notations of the raw materials in Q$1($a$)?$

c$)$ What physical process occurs in stages $2$ and $4?$ Why are these processes necessary?

d$)$ What processes occur in stage $3?$ Why are these processes necessary?

e$)$ Indicate all possible consequences of making cement from pure clinker only without

adding the supplementary elements $($gypsum$,$ mineral additives, and chemical additives$).$

Indicate the role of each of these elements.

Fig. $1$: Cement manufacturing stages.