Problem $2$: Cricket Australia vs$.$ Australian Cricketers' Association

On $24$ March $2018,$ during the third Test match between Australia and South Africa in Cape Town, Australian cricketer Cameron Bancroft was caught on television and on screens at the cricket ground tampering with the cricket ball and subsequently hiding the object he was tampering the ball within his trousers. At the end of the day's play, Bancroft and team captain Steve Smith attended a press conference. Bancroft admitted to ball tampering, claiming to have used a short length of yellow adhesive tape to which dirt and grit had attached. However, after an investigation by Cricket Australia, the national governing body of cricket in Australia, Bancroft admitted to using sandpaper. Furthermore, captain Steve Smith admitted to having known of the plan to ball tamper in advance but said that he would not be standing down as captain of the team. Bancroft was charged with ball tampering and fined $75\%$ of his match fee by the match referee and Smith was charged with conduct that is contrary to the spirit of the game and fined $100\%$ of his match fee by the International Cricket Council $($ICC$).$

The following day Cricket Australia apologized to fans and confirmed that both Smith and David Warner, vice$-$captain of the team, had agreed to stand down from their roles for the remainder of the match. Two days later Cricket Australia announced that Smith, Warner and Bancroft had been charged with bringing the game into disrepute, were suspended and would be sent home. Cricket Australia were satisfied that no other players or the coach were involved. Cricket Australia found that Warner had been responsible for the plan to ball tamper and had demonstrated to Bancroft how to do it$,$ has misled match officials and not voluntarily reported his involvement. His punishment was a $12-$month ban from all international and domestic cricket and to not be considered for leadership positions in the future. Smith was found to have known of the ball tampering plan and failed to prevent it$,$ to have told Bancroft to conceal the sandpaper in his trousers, to have misled match officials, and made misleading public comments. His punishment was a $12-$month ban from all international and domestic cricket and to not be considered for leadership positions for a further year after the conclusion of his suspension. Bancroft was found to be party to the ball tampering plan, to have carried out Warner's instructions, to have attempted to conceal the evidence, and made misleading statements to match officials and the