Problem - In What is the a minimum cost spanning tree of an undirected graph with edges labelled with positive costs. Background information that you can use in solving the question: Please turn over: Compiler Construction Programming answers should be written in some notation approximating SML or OCaml. between method calls v1.set(4,n) and v2.set(4,n). [4 marks] 6 CST.2016.3.7 6 Further Java (a) Describe the operation of wait() and notifyAll(). (f ) Summarize any issues connected with left-or right-cooperative administrators in the two methods (in executing the parser and in developing the apparatus) you illustrated to some degree (e).Polygon scan conversionThis term encompasses a range of algorithms where polygons are rendered, normally one at a time, into a frame buffer. The term scan comes from the fact that an image on a CRT is made up of scan lines. Examples of polygon scan conversion algorithms arethe painter's algorithm, the z-buffer, and the A-buffer (see your Part IB lecture notes, FvDFH chapter 135, or F&vD chapter 125). In this course we will generally assume that polygon scan conversion refers to the z-buffer algorithm or one of its derivatives, such as the A-buffer. What can we conclude about the functional dependency Z W? Explain your answer. (b.1)(b) Java is sometimes said to be "dynamically typed" in that a variable whose type is (class) C can be assigned a value of (class) D provided that D extends C; conversely a variable of type D can be assigned a value of type C using a cast. By considering storage layouts, explain why the former assignment is always valid and the latter sometimes invalid. [4 marks] (c) A new programming language has the notion of "statically scoped exceptions" in which the program exception foo; void f() { try { void g() { raise foo; } try { g(); } except (foo) { C2 } } except (foo) { C1 } } would execute C1 rather than C2 as the former was in scope at the raise point. By analogy with statically scoped variables, or otherwise, explain how such exceptions might be implemented on a stack. [10 marks] Scenario 7: The characteristics of the network described above, design a protocol for distributing this information across the network. 3 (TURN OVER) CST.2014.4.4 3 Computer Graphics and Image Processing Given a sequence of points (Vi) n i=0 on a plane, consider the problem of interpolating a smooth curve through all of the points in order by constructing a sequence of polynomial parametric functions, one for each interval [Vi , Vi+1] n1 i=0 . (a) What is meant by Ck continuity at the junction between two curve segments? [12 marks] (b) Explain how the degree of the polynomial function for a curve segment constrains the continuity at its two ends. What continuity can be achieved at each end of a cubic segment?