Problem Points$]$

A V$-8$ four$-$stroke engine is square with a stroke of $116$ mm and a connecting rod length

of $209$ mm $.$ The engine rotational speed is $3996$ RPM$.$ Combustion starts when the

crankshaft is at $30$ before top dead center. What percentage of the piston stroke has

occurred at the start of combustion?

Hint: the crank angle is measured from the vertical axis starting at TDC$,$ and the sense of

rotation is clock$-$wise.