Problem solve :$-"$In designing a new bridge spanning a wide river, civil engineers must consider numerous factors to ensure its structural integrity, safety, and longevity. Discuss the various aspects of bridge design that engineers need to take into account, including but not limited to load$-$bearing capacity, material selection, environmental factors, and the principles of structural analysis. Additionally, explore the challenges and trade$-$offs involved in balancing functionality, aesthetics, and cost$-$effectiveness in bridge design, and how advancements in technology and materials science have influenced modern bridge engineering practices."