Problem Statement:

A dairy processing plant receives $18$ tons of milk at $6C$ every day at $05$:$00$ AM$.$

$14$ tons of this milk is used for the production of pasteurized milk $($HTST$),$ and

the remaining part is used for the production of ayran.

Pasteurized milk must be ready for distribution at $07$:$00$ AM$,$ and ayran must

be ready at $11$:$00$ AM$.$ Ayran is prepared by mixing pasteurized milk with an

equal amount of water at $20C.$ Therefore, the temperature must be $45C$

when the contents are mixed in the pasteurizer; culture is added at this

temperature. The contents of the fermentation tank are kept at $45C$ for $3\mathrm{.}5$

hours. Pasteurized milk and ayran are delivered to the filling areas at $4C.$

Assume that the filling time for pasteurized milk and ayran is approximately $30$

minutes.

Tasks:

a$)$ Prepare a block diagram for this dairy processing plant and calculate the

mass and energy balances.

b$)$ Calculate the capacity of the tanks, other necessary equipment, and the

size of all pumps.

c$)$ Calculate the required number of plates for the plate heat exchangers used

in pasteurization and ayran production.