Product positioning refers to:

Select one:

a$.$ The perception of how similar various brands or products are to each other and relates these perceptions to product attributes

b$.$ A decision by a marketer to try to achieve a defined brand image in relation to other competing brands in consumer's mind

c$.$ The schematic memory of a brand without reference to competing brands

d$.$ The deliberate decision to significantly change the way the market views a particular product

e$.$ The value that consumers assign to a brand above and beyond any specific function characteristics