PSYC 355 SPSS HOMEWORK 6 INSTRUCTIONS: PREDICTION - BIVARIATE LINEAR REGRESSION Part 1: Note: The z-scoring method used in the practice data file is covered in Lesson 19 during PSYC 354. You will use raw data for all homework exercises, with no need to convert to z scores. Green & Salkind: Lesson 33 - Exercises 1, 3-4 1 Conduct a liner regression to predict the number of times a boy would strike a classmate from the number of times the boy hit a bobo doll. From the output, identify the following: Output : Descriptive Statistics Mean Std. Deviation N Number of times hitting a peer 11.60 20.095 10 Number of times hitting a bobo 4.90 8.048 10 doll Model Summary Mode Adjusted R l R 1 .930a R Square Square .865 Std. Error of the Estimate .848 7.835 a. Predictors: (Constant), Number of times hitting a bobo doll ANOVAb Sum of Model Squares Mean df 1 Regression 3143.306 1 Residual 491.094 8 Total Square F Sig. 3143.306 51.205 .000a 61.387 3634.400 9 a. Predictors: (Constant), Number of times hitting a bobo doll b. Dependent Variable: Number of times hitting a peer Page 1 of 7 PSYC 355 Coefficientsa Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients Model B 1 (Constant) Number of times hitting a bobo Std. Error Beta t Sig. .221 2.944 .075 .942 2.322 .325 .930 7.15 .000 doll 6 a. Dependent Variable: Number of times hitting a peer A Slope associated with the predictor Slope is 2.322 B Additive constant for the regression equation Additive constant for the regression is 0.221 C Mean number of times they struck a classmate Mean = 11.60 D Correlation between the number of times they hit the bobo doll and the number of times they struck a classmate Correlation = 0.93 E Standard error of estimate 7.835 3. Create a scatterplot of the relationship between the two variables. Plot the regression line on the graph. What can you tell from this graph about the predictability of the dependent variable? Page 2 of 7 PSYC 355 From the graph, it was observed that significant linear relationship exists to predict the number of times hitting a peer using the number of times hitting a bobo doll. The graph indicates that the number of times a child hits a bobo doll is a strong predictor of the number of times the child will strike a peer in a playground setting. 4. Write a Results section based on your analyses. A linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the prediction of the number of peer-oriented aggressive acts on the playground from the number of times a child hit a bobo doll during a 5 minute period at a local day care. The results indicate that there is a positive linear relationship between the number of times the doll is hit and the number of times a peer is struck, in that as the frequency of hitting the doll increases, so does the frequency of hitting a peer. The regression equation for predicting the number of times a peer is struck is Number of times hitting peer = 2.32(Number of times hitting bobo doll) + .22 The correlation between the 2 variables was r = 0.93, indicating a strong positive relationship. R2 = .865, indicating that about 86% of the variance of the number of times hitting a peer was accounted for by its linear relationship with the number of times hitting a bobo doll. Page 3 of 7 PSYC 355 The regression analysis is conducted to determining if children who hit a bobo doll more frequently would display more or less aggressive behavior (number of times hitting peer) on the playground From the ANOVA table , test value of the predictor is F(1,8)=51.205 and p-value is <0.000. p-value is less than 0.05, which indicates that regression model significantly predicts the aggressive behavior on the playground using frequent hits of bobo doll. The correlation coefficient between these variables 0.930 and the R-square value is 0.865. R square value indicates that this model explain around 86.5% of the variation. From the coefficients table, B value is 2.322, t-value is 7.156 and p-value is less than <0.00 this indicates that statistically there is a significant linear relationship between number of times hitting a peer (aggressive behavior) and frequent hit of bobo doll. The regression line of number of times hitting a peer = 0.221+2.322*Number of times hitting a bobo doll The following helpful tips are numbered to correspond with the exercise number to which they refer: 1. Use raw scores, not z scores, in the regression analysis. (3 pts for output and 2 pts each for a-e) 3. Write the answer to the last part of this question beneath your graph, in sentence form. (3 pts) 4. All homework Results sections must follow the example given in the SPSS tutorial presentations and the Course Content document \"Writing Results of Statistical Tests in Current APA Format\" (note: you do not have to refer to a figure). Note: The statistical statement for a bivariate linear regression must include at least the equation of the line and the confidence interval for the slope (the second row under Confidence Intervals in the output), as well as a decision about the null hypothesis. (3 pts) Part 2: Page 4 of 7 PSYC 355 1. An educational psychologist is interested in whether after-school clubs improve performance in certain activities. Specifically, she wants to evaluate whether the number of hours spent per week in an after-school chess club predicts the score in a year-end district-wide chess tournament. She collects the number of hours spent per week by each child in the chess clubs of 3 different schools. She then records their scores at the yearend chess tournament, where a win is worth 3 points, a draw is worth 1 point, a loss is worth 0 points, and each child plays multiple games. She compiles the information in the table below. Conduct a bivariate linear regression to analyze the research question. The steps will be the same as the ones you have been practicing in Part 1 of the assignmentthe only difference is that you are now responsible for creating the data file as well. Remember to name and define your variables under the \"Variable View,\" then return to the \"Data View\" to enter the data. Page 5 of 7 PSYC 355 Hours Spent in After-school Chess Club 3 2 3 5 2 1 7 4 8 4 3 2 4 10 5 6 3 Chess Tournament Score 6 0 4 13 6 0 10 3 12 7 3 3 0 15 7 9 5 a) Paste the SPSS output. (3 pts) b) Construct a scatterplot of the relationship between the 2 variables. Plot the regression line on this graph. (3 pts) c) Is hours in after-school chess club predictive of chess tournament scores in this sample? Write a Results section in current APA style describing the outcome. All homework Results sections must follow the example given in the SPSS tutorial presentation and the Course Content document \"Writing Results of Statistical Tests in Current APA Format\" (note: you do not have to refer to a figure). The statistical statement for a bivariate linear regression must include at least the equation of the line and the confidence interval for the slope (the second row under Confidence Intervals in the output), as well as a decision about the null hypothesis. (3 pts) Part 3: Cumulative Homework 1. A neuropsychologist is assessing the relationship between visual attention levels and the ability to multitask in a sample of 14 patients. He administers a visual continuous performance test to assess levels of visual attention on which scores can range from 1 to 20: a high score indicates better visual attention levels. He then has each patient complete a task that requires high levels of multitasking. Errors are counted, and a high number of errors indicates poor multitasking skills. The scores are listed in the table below. Choose the correct test to analyze this question, set up the SPSS file, and run the analysis. Follow the directions under the table below. Page 6 of 7 PSYC 355 The steps will be the same as the ones you have been practicing in Part 1 of the assignmentthe only difference is that you are now responsible for creating the data file as well. Remember to name and define your variables under the \"Variable View,\" then return to the \"Data View\" to enter the data. Visual Attention Test Scores 3 8 9 4 15 6 18 17 19 6 5 20 17 5 Number of Errors in Multitasking 25 18 18 26 6 19 3 4 6 16 14 2 5 23 a) Paste the appropriate SPSS output. (4 pts) b) Paste the appropriate SPSS graph. (4 pts) c) Write a current APA-style Results section based on your analyses. All homework Results sections must follow the example given in the SPSS tutorials and the Course Content document \"Writing Results of Statistical Tests in Current APA Format\" (note: you do not have to refer to a figure). Remember to include a decision about the null hypothesis. (4 pts) Submit this assignment by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of Module/Week 6. 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