Q$\mathrm{.}12$ Cipher

A Caesar cipher encrypts a message by shifting letters in the alphabet. For example, a shift of $4$ maps $\text{'}$a$\text{'}$ to $\text{'}$e$\text{'}$ and

maps $\text{'}$p$\text{'}$ to $\text{'}$t$\text{'}$ Here is a famous line from Shakespeare encrypted with a shift of $2$: $\text{'}$vq dg qt pqv vq dg: vjcv ku vjg

swguvkqp.$\text{'}$

$(1)$ Write a program that takes as input a string to be encrypted and an integer encryption shift $($such as $2$ mentioned

earlier$),$ and prints the encrypted string. $[$Hint: zip$()$ is helpful in building a dictionary. Also, remember to

handle space $$ it doesn't shift$].$

$(2)$ Extend your program to take an additional input that indicates if your program is to encrypt or decrypt the

string.

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