Q$1.$ The $4-$bit D$/$A converter with an R$-2$R ladder network in Figure Q$1$ is to be designed. Assume $\backslash (\backslash$mathrm$\{$V$\}\_\{\backslash$mathrm$\{$REF$\}\}=-4\mathrm{.}096\backslash$mathrm$\{$~V$\}\backslash )$ and $\backslash (\backslash$mathrm$\{$R$\}=2\mathrm{.}0\backslash$mathrm$\{$k$\}\backslash$mathrm$\{$Ohm$\},\backslash$mathrm$\{$R$\}\_\{\backslash$mathrm$\{$F$\}\}=4\mathrm{.}0\backslash$mathrm$\{$k$\}\backslash )$ Ohm.

$($a$)$ What is the resolution of the D$/$A converter?

A$.0\mathrm{.}128$ V

B$.0\mathrm{.}256$ V

C$.0\mathrm{.}512$ V

D$.1\mathrm{.}024$ V

$($b$)$ What is the change in output voltage if the input changes from $1010$ to $0101?$

A$.0\mathrm{.}64$ V

B$.1$ V

C$.2\mathrm{.}56$ V

D$.4$ V

Q$2.$ The $3-$bit flash A$/$D converter in Figure Q$2$ has a reference voltage of VReF $\backslash (=8\backslash$mathrm$\{$~V$\}\backslash ).$ How many comparators are required for a $16-$bit flash A$/$D converter like this one?

A$.32767$ comparators

B$.32768$ comparators

C$.65535$ comparators

D$.65536$ comparators