q$2$Explain the concept of Object$-$Oriented Programming $($OOP$)$ and its four main principles. Provide an example of how OOP can be applied in a real$-$world software application.What is a database management system $($DBMS$)?$ Compare and contrast relational databases with NoSQL databases, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses in different use cases.Describe the process of developing a software application using the Agile methodology. What are the key differences between Agile and traditional Waterfall development models?What are the primary differences between supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms? Provide examples of scenarios where each type would be appropriately applied.Explain the concept of Big Data and its importance in today's digital world. Discuss the challenges associated with Big Data and the technologies used to manage and analyze it$,$ such as Hadoop and Spark.