q$3.(2$ points$)$What fundamental theories serve as the cornerstone for civil engineering? How do principles of mechanics, materials science, and mathematics underpin the design and construction of infrastructure? How do theories such as structural analysis, fluid mechanics, and soil mechanics contribute to the understanding and implementation of civil engineering projects? In what ways do concepts like sustainability, resilience, and risk management integrate with theoretical frameworks to address modern challenges in infrastructure development? How do advancements in computational modeling and simulation enhance the application of theoretical principles in civil engineering practice?