Q$4.$Most useful production system databases will contain a large amount of information that is irrelevant to the given problem being worked on$,$ and this can make their use rather inefficient. Three traditional solutions to this problem are:

Use backward chaining rather than forward chaining.

Restrict forward chaining to a selected sub$-$set of rules.

Rewrite the rule set using information from the goal, so that only relevant variable

bindings $($those belonging to a magic set$)$ are considered during forward inference. Explain how each of these approaches work, and suggest circumstances under which each one would be preferable to the others.