Q1. In a multiprogramming and time-sharing environment, several users share the same system simultaneously. This situation can result in various security problem:s. a. What are two such problems? b. Can we ensure the same degree of security in a time-shared machine as in a dedicated machine? Explain your answer. Q2. The issue of resource utilization shows up in different forms in different types of operating systems. List what resources must be managed carefully in the following settings: a. Mainframe or minicomputer systems b. Workstations connected to servers c. Mobile computers Qs What is the purpose of interrupts? How does an interrupt differ from a trap? Can traps be generated intentionally by a user program? If so, for what purpose? Q4 Direct memory access (DMA) is used for high-speed I/O devices in order to avoid increasing the CPU's execution load. a. How does the CPU interface with the device to coordinate the transfer? b. How does the CPU know when the memory operations are complete? c. The CPU is allowed to execute other programs while the DMA controller is transferring data. Does this process interfere with the execution of the user programs? If so, describe what forms of interference are caused. Qs. A running program produces data at a rate (in Kbytes/second) determined by the function: when 0.0 St s0.5 when 0.5