Quality grades such as "good, " "better, " and "best" represent which of the following levels of measurement? Nominal ordinal interval ratio none of the above Internal validity is the extent to which a particular treatment in an experiment produced the sole effect on the dependent variable. T F The one-group, pretest-posttest design is classified as a type of: pre-experimental design post-experimental design true experimental design quasi-experimental design The notation: X 0_1, represents a type of: treatment. pre-experimental design true experimental design observation research method Which of the following is true about true experimental designs? The notation 0_1 X 0_2, applies where the X represents the observations They include a control group The notation 0_1 X 0_2, applies where the 0 represents the treatment Both b and c ________ questions are valuable in soliciting recall information when researchers do not want to bias an answer by listing alternative choices. self report open-ended noncomparative comparative A multiple-choice question can take the form of a: nominal scale interval scale both of the above none of the above The problem of slipping technical jargon or language into a question that the researcher understands, but the respondent does not fall under the category of _____________. Ambiguity clarity bias conciseness