QUESTION $1$: $[10]$

$1\mathrm{.}1$ Being a young IE graduate who just got a job as an IE manager in a newly established manufacturing organization, Explain or give some possible illustrations of management as a universal human activity and as a distinct role, that you are going to perform within the organization.

$1\mathrm{.}2$ What is the significance for someone starting a career in management of Luthans' theory about roles and performance?

QUESTION $2$: $[6]$

You are an IE manager in a local manufacturing company, of late, the Board of directors wish to acquire information about models of management and run to you and request that you explain the value of models of management and compare unitary, pluralist and radical perspectives to them.

$(6)$

QUESTION $3$: $[20]$

$3\mathrm{.}1$ Illustraite using a model, the difference between risk and ambiguity, within the decision$-$making process and being a manager, how will you analyze the environmental influence.

$3\mathrm{.}2$ Explain any two reasons why managers develop strategies for their organization?

QUESTION $4$: $[6]$

What are the major differences between the rational and administrative models of decision making?