QUESTION $1$

$1\mathrm{.}1.$ As the world continues to change and evolve, so does the logistics field. With the advent of digital

technologies, big data analytics, and automation, the logistics industry is undergoing a digital

transformation, paving the way for more efficient, agile, and responsive supply chains. The evolution

of logistics is a continuous process driven by the need to adapt to changing market demands,

technological innovations, and global dynamics, making it an integral component of modern business

operations. Briefly explain the essential elements of logistics in the context of the industry of your

choice. $(20)$

$[20]$

QUESTION $2$

$2\mathrm{.}1.$ TechGear Inc. produces cutting$-$edge gadgets, and their production line heavily depends on

automated machinery. They have a stringent production schedule to meet the demands of their

customers, and any downtime can result in substantial financial losses and damage to their reputation.

Incident: One morning, during a crucial production run, one of the key machines, the "Assembler

$5000,"$ malfunctions. The machine's conveyor belt system, responsible for transferring components

from one station to another, suddenly stops working. This halts the entire assembly line, leading to

production delays and potential order cancellations.

With the aid of a flow$-$chart or otherwise, explain the methodology for applying a corrective

maintenance cycle during the recovery of key machines. $(20)$

$[20]$

QUESTION $3$

In the construction industry context, Failure modes, effects, and criticality analysis $($FMECA$)$ can be a

valuable tool to anticipate and prevent failures that could lead to several constraints. You are required

to conduct an FMECA, presented in a table format, for a construction company that has landed a job

to paint offices by:

$3\mathrm{.}1$ Discuss three $(3)$ potential failure modes. $(3)$

$3\mathrm{.}2$ Discuss the potential causes of the potential failure modes identified. $(3)$

$3\mathrm{.}3$ Examine the effects of the potential failure modes identified. $(3)$

$3\mathrm{.}4$ Discussing the existing controls, countermeasures, and detection methods of the potential

failure modes identified. $(3)$

$3\mathrm{.}5$ Rate the probability and severity of the risks accordingly. $(3)$

$[15]$

TOTAL MARKS $=60$

$$ UNISA $2024$

QUESTION $4$

The website of a logistics company has been experiencing frequent downtime, causing disruptions to

their services and customer experience. The Industrial Engineering team has been tasked with

investigating the root causes of these outages and implementing measures to prevent future

occurrences.

Problem Statement: The website downtime adversely affects the company's revenue and customer

satisfaction. Identifying the underlying causes of the downtime and implementing effective solutions

to minimize its occurrence is imperative. Using an example, explain how you characterize defects using

the Ishikawa diagram. $(5)$

$[5]$