Question $11(1$ point$)$The vesicles that are anchored to the plasma membrane at a nerve cell presynaptic site are specialized for:Constitutive secretionPolarized secretionEndocytosisLysosome secretionQuestion $12(1$ point$)$Calcium is stored in the cell in the:LysosomeMitochondriaEndoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatusQuestion $13(1$ point$)$The enzyme involved in the breakdown of glycogen in the liver smooth ER is:Phospholipase CPhosphodiesteraseGlucose$-6-$phosphataseCatalaseQuestion $14(1$ point$)$Students in a neurobiology laboratory are expected to observe five neuron cultures, each of which is preferentially overexpressing one particular type of microtubule$-$associated protein. Which of the following phenotypes would best allow the students to identify the Tau$-$overexpressing neurons?The neurons that have axons with loosely organized microtubulesThe neurons that have microtubules that are severed multiple times along their lengths in their axonsThe neurons that have axons with tightly organized microtubulesThe neurons that have few to no microtubules in their axonsQuestion $15(1$ point$)$The intracellular stimulus for secretion of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft is an increase in:Potassium ion levelsSodium ion levelsChloride ion levelsCalcium ion levelsQuestion $16(1$ point$)$Memantine$,$ a drug used in management of Alzheimers disease, is:An NMDA antagonistA cholinesterase inhibitorA serotonin reuptake inhibitorAn antioxidantQuestion $17(1$ point$)$Each of the following is true about Ras except:Ras activity is inhibited by GTPase activating proteins $($GAPs$).$Ras is monomeric.Ras binds steroid hormones.Ras activates a cascade of phosphorylation events within the cell.Question $18(1$ point$)$Sarin nerve gas paralyzes muscle by interfering with neuronal transmission by which of the following?EnkephalinAcetylcholineGABASerotoninQuestion $19(1$ point$)$The endoplasmic reticulum is a site for:Potassium storage in muscle cells.Degradation of foreign material brought into the cell by phagocytosis.Drug detoxification by catalase.N$-$linked glycosylation of polypeptides.Question $20(1$ point$)$Drug detoxification by hydroxylation:Activates a second messengerLeads to phagosome formationTransiently increases intracellular Ca$^2$Increases solubility of drugs enhancing their excretionQuestion $21(1$ point$)$Generation of an action potential by a neuron may ultimately stimulate:Another nerve cellSkeletal muscle cellsGland cellsAll of the above may be stimulated by a signalQuestion $22(1$ point$)$Anterograde transport involves:Endocytotic vesicles fusing with early endosomesFlow of vesicles from Golgi to the ERReturns compartment$-$specific proteins to earlier compartmentsFlow of vesicles from ER to GolgiQuestion $23(1$ point$)$Axonemal microtubules:Are required to maintain axonsAre required to maintain axonsAre part of the structure of ciliaMaintain cell structureQuestion $24(1$ point$)$Ribosomes that do not anchor on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum during translation most probably:Have a signal peptidase errorHave a defect in ribosomal proteins that allow attachment to the surfaceAre synthesizing cytoplasmic proteinsDo not make the appropriate anchor proteinQuestion $25(1$ point$)$The axon branches of a typical neuron terminate at structures called:GliaSynaptic boutonsThe myelin sheathNodes of Ranvier