Question 1 (1 point)

Saved

Symbols DO NOT include which of the following?

Question 1 options:

	gestures
	objects
	thoughts
	language

Question 2 (1 point)

Which of the following is TRUE of nonmaterial culture?

Question 2 options:

	It includes the values beliefs symbols and language that define a society.
	It includes all the society's physical objects such as its tools and technology clothing eating utensils and means of transportation.
	It is more important that material culture.
	It cannot exist without material culture.

Question 3 (1 point)

How do inventions shape culture?

Question 3 options:

	People use them in place of older ways of carrying on activities
	People use them in place of older ways of relating to others
	People use them to carry out new kinds of activities
	all of these

Question 4 (1 point)

Which of the following is TRUE?

Question 4 options:

	Material culture spreads through a culture faster than nonmaterial culture.
	Ideas and beliefs can change as soon as new inventions are adapted.
	Solutions to problems cause by new innovations arise quickly in a culture.
	Nonmaterial culture never changes with new innovations.

Question 5 (1 point)

Which of the following is TRUE about cultural norms?

Question 5 options:

	They are the same across every culture.
	They change only when laws do.
	They can be different in different cultures.
	Subcultures always have the same norms as the mainstream culture.

Question 6 (1 point)

Which of the following is MOST TRUE of a counterculture?

Question 6 options:

	It rejects some of the larger culture's norms and values.
	It adapts most of the larger culture's norms and values.
	It always results in the formation of a cult.
	It definitively requires a charismatic leader.

Question 7 (1 point)

Which of the following is FALSE?

Question 7 options:

	Diffusion facilitates the introduction of new ideas and artifacts from one culture to another.
	Globalization is the integration of international trade and finance markets.
	Many US companies manufacture their products overseas.
	Diffusion prevents the dissemination of ideas from one culture to another.

Question 8 (1 point)

Formal norms can also be called

Question 8 options:

	laws
	customs
	folkways
	trends

Question 9 (1 point)

Values shape

Question 9 options:

	norms
	actions
	world-views
	all of these

Question 10 (1 point)

Informal norms can also be called

Question 10 options:

	laws
	customs
	proper etiquette
	none of these

Technology as a Concept

The questions in this section are from Leo Marx's "Technology: The Emergence of a Hazardous Concept."

Question 11 (1 point)

Daniel Webster equated progress with the advance of the mechanic arts.

Question 11 options:

	True
	False

Question 12 (1 point)

Investigating the origin of a word like "technology" is important because it can provide an way of expressing a far-reaching change in a society.

Question 12 options:

	True
	False

Question 13 (1 point)

Why might the concept of technology be hazardous according to Leo Marx?

Question 13 options:

	Its lack of specificity can lead to a sense of it being disconnected from human agency thus making technology have its own agency
	It is used to refer to the complex human systems that drive its use and development
	It can cause a dependency in humans that is difficult if not impossible to disrupt
	Its specific reference to things made and used by humans does not recognize its own agency to change history

Question 14 (1 point)

An example of a sociotechnical system is

Question 14 options:

	the railroad
	the telegraph
	the urban waste and water system
	all of these

Technique

The questions in this section are from the "From Technological Autonomy to Technological Bluff" reading by J Craig Hanks and Emily Kay Hanks.

Question 15 (1 point)

J. Hanks and E. Hanks show that society adapts to technology by noting how

Question 15 options:

	Legislators support technological advances by enacting legislation that reduces liability costs for companies who develop new technologies
	Laws are passed to increase liability costs for companies who develop new technologies
	Legislation is unable to keep up with technological advances
	Legislators have not worked with corporations to make it easier and less expensive for them to develop new technologies.

Question 16 (1 point)

Being educated within a technological system, according to Ellul, does not connote wisdom, but rather means possessing measurable and marketable skills.

Question 16 options:

	True
	False

Question 17 (1 point)

For Ellul technological determinism is problematic because

Question 17 options:

	Technology allows for people and systems to become more efficient
	Science is able to solve problems for humans
	Non-technological values that make us human become difficult to cultivate
	Consumer choices are able to guide technology

Question 18 (1 point)

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the technological bluff?

Question 18 options:

	People are at home within the technological society
	Constant changes of technology are a normal part of everyday life
	New technologies are pursued without a clear purpose other than profit
	All are characteristics

Question 19 (1 point)

According to Nathan Ensminger the word "technology" has come to mean "computer technology" because

Question 19 options:

	The computer is central to contemporary social political and economic life.
	Other forms of technology are now called something else.
	"Technology" is not a term that is capable of incorporating so many different kinds of innovations.
	"Computer technology" is a redundant term.

Question 20 (1 point)

Digitization is

Question 20 options:

	The combination of data and the means to manipulate it
	Computer artifacts and the data representations
	Data and software
	All of these

Technological Determinism & Social Constructivism

The questions in this section are about technological determinism and social constructivism.

Question 21 (1 point)

Which of the following is TRUE of technological determinism?

Question 21 options:

	It views technology as developing independently of society but capable of producing societal effects.
	technology is seen to be an autonomous, self-determining and omniscient process
	The focus on technology itself can detract from questions regarding power and political prestige
	technology is viewed as something inevitable
	All of these

Question 22 (1 point)

Which of the following is TRUE of social constructivism?

Question 22 options:

	It focuses on the social shaping of technology.
	It does not consider that technology and society interact with each other.
	It was the dominant approach to the study of technology in the 1980s
	It does not study how technology affects everyday lives.

Question 23 (4 points)

Match the correct term to its definition.

Question 23 options:

1234	The technical shaping of society and the autonomy of technological change
1234	Vast functional systems that incorporate technology, artifacts, techniques and institutions
1234	The view that artifacts shape social relations
1234	Intentions inscribed in technologies that influence others

1.	Sociotechnical systems
2.	Technological determinism
3.	Artifactual determinism
4.	Technological politics

Question 24 (4 points)

Match the term to its correct definition.

Question 24 options:

1234	Specific items intended for a function
1234	Vast sociotechnical systems and their many components
1234	A totalizing system of rational methods that is the new environment for human existence shaping everything in a technological society
1234	Organizational structures

1.	Technology
2.	Artifact
3.	Technique
4.	Institutions