QUESTION $1$

$(20$ Marks$)$

Some negotiators seem to believe that hard$-$bargaining tactics are the key to success and resort to threats, extreme demands, and even unethical behaviour to get the upper hand in a negotiation.

Why was it challenging to reach a wage agreement between the parties involved in this article? Provide a general overview of collective bargaining in South Africa and discuss the fundamental functions of different collective bargaining structures.

QUESTION $2$

$(20$ Marks$)$

The article suggests that the protracted negotiations, which began mid$-$April, could raise the stakes and increase the possibility of heavily intensified load$-$shedding if workers down tools since parties remain far apart. Using applicable legislation, analyse the different forms of industrial action which parties in the article could take and highlight the implications thereof.