Question $1$:

$(25$ marks$)$

a$.$ A master node is synchronising its clock with three slaves employing Berkeley's algorithm.

The master's clock reads $14$:$26$:$44$ when it sends the request, and three slaves' clocks read their

current time $14$:$26$:$19,14$:$26$:$30$ and $14$:$26$:$55$ respectively, when they reply to the master.

Calculate the Average Time Difference$/$Offset$,$ Correct Time at master, and Time Correction

for all the slaves to synchronize their clocks using Berkeley's Algorithm.

marks$)$

b$.$ A client is employing NTP protocol to synchronize its clock. The client sends an NTP request

packet to the time server at $17$:$43$:$12.$ This request packet is received by the time server at

$17$:$43$:$20.$ Subsequently, the time server sends a response packet back to the client at $17$:$43$:$26.$

Finally, the client receives the response packet from the server at $17$:$43$:$24.$ Calculate the RTT$,$

Clock Skew$/$Offset Time and Synchronised Time on the client using NTP protocol. $(10$ marks$)$

c$.$ A client is employing Cristian's algorithm to synchronize its clock. The client's clock reads

$11$:$54$:$36$ when it sends the request, the server's clock reads current time $11$:$54$:$44$ and sends

this time to the client, the client receives the reply at $11$:$54$:$46$ based on its clock. Calculate the

time on the client after synchronizing the clock using Cristian's Algorithm.

$(5$ marks$)$

Note: No marks will be awarded for only writing the final answers.