QUESTION $1$

$[25$ MARKS$]$

Define the term "earthworks".

A contractor has excavated a $4200m$ long trench with an average width of $2\mathrm{.}0m$ and long section as follows:

$L=1200m$

Int

$|$ataria$|$

The following rates of payment are applicable:

Soft material

Soft material excavation, excavation depth $0$ to $1m$ below natural ground level: R$55$ per $m^3$

Soft material excavation, excavation depth $>1m$ to $2m$ below natural ground level: R$65$ per $m^3$

Intermediate material

Intermediate excavation, excavation depth $0$ to $1\mathrm{.}5m$ below natural ground level: $R75$ per $m^3$

Intermediate excavation, excavation depth $>1\mathrm{.}5m$ to $3\mathrm{.}0m$ below natural ground level: R$85$ per $m^3$

Hard material

Hard excavation, excavation depth $0$ to $1\mathrm{.}5m$ below natural ground level: R$110$ per $m^3$

Hard excavation, excavation depth exceeding $1\mathrm{.}5m$ below natural ground level: R$130$ per m$^3$ Calculate the payment due to the contractor for the excavation of the trench.

$3$

END

EPN$2601$ MAJOR TEST $12024-$Sem $1$

Explain what the OMC $($optimum moisture content$)$ of a soil is and why it is important for the purpose of road construction.

$(2)$

Why is topsoil stripped and stockpiled during road construction?

$(2)$

On a road construction project, the specified free$-$haul distance is $1,0km.$ The contractor has hauled materials on site during the month of June $2021$ and now wants to claim for payment for overhaul. The contractor is unsure how to calculate his total claim for haul and presents you with the following information:

$\backslash$table$[[\backslash$table$[[$Volume of material hauled$],[(m^3)$