QUESTION $1[31$ MARKS$]$ Every July about hundred cyclists race across $2\mathrm{.}2\mathrm{.}00$ miles of the most difficult terrain in France, including steep roads in the Pyrenees and Alps. The Tour de France is considered the worlds greatest bicycle race The first Tour de Farnce took place in $1903$ as a way of promoting sales of LAuto newspaper, initially attracting mostly local competitors and spectators. Thanks to newspaper, radio and television, coverage and prestige of the event expanded. As with other competitive sports, such as football, baseball, tennis and soccer, todays tour de France fans dont just want to just watch a sport; they want to engage with it$,$ and they expect more information and interaction$-$ data$-$enhanced viewing, live streamlining, video on demand, mobile apps, and social media interaction. Digital technology has become essential for attracting fans, athletes, sponsors and broadcasters. Up until $2014,$ Tour De France was a technology laggard. The sport does not easily generate real$-$time statistics. The only source of real$-$time information was a chalkboard held up by a race executive sitting as a passenger on a motorbike ahead of the cyclists. TV viewers could see timing and the race from numerous camera angles, but little more. Today, data from Tour De France racing bikes are delayed to TV viewers within two seconds. A small, lightweight tracking sensor is attached to a clip below the saddle of every competing riders bike. The sensor contains a global positioning system $($GPS$)$ chip, a radio frequency $($RF$).$ Chip, and a rechargeable battery. Each sensor transmit data about the bikes s gps position and speed every second, generating over $3$ million data points during the course of the race. These real$-$time data are combined with feeds from other source, such as weather services, road gradients, and historical race data from the past few years. Race organizers, broadcasters, teams, tv views and fans using the Tour De France mobile app can now access detailed statistics on the progress of the race and individual riders. Riders wear earpiece radios that relay real$-$time data to them as they are cycling. The system does not include biometric data to monitor riders;s physical performance $-$ the teams keep these data private. Dimensions Data, global IT services firm headquartered in South Africa, built and operates Tour de Frances digital infrastructure. The sensor data from each racing bike are delayed to planes and helicopters flying overhead to cover the race for television. Race data are transmitted to dimensions datas cloud service, hosted in remote data centers in London and Amsterdam, where powerful algorithms developed by cycling experts analysed the data including external feeds to generate real time information for broadcasters, social media and the Tour de France race app. Getting the data from bike to viewer takes only two seconds. The system is able to make predictions before and during the race based on current and historic data about riders and the state of the race; for example, the likelihood that the main body of riders might catch up to breakaway riders. The system can also generate riders profiles showing each riders s strengthens and weaknesses across different race conditions based on historical race results and performance. Digital technology has dramatically increased Tour de France fan involvement. Fans are able to see live performance information on their TVs and discuss the results on social media. In $2014,$ there were only $6$ million views of video clips put out by the Tour de France organization. By $2016,$ that number had soared to $55$ million. Seventeen million people access the live$-$tracking websites. The goal is to pull you, the fan, into the race and it appears Tour de France has succeeded. $1\mathrm{.}1$ Explain the origin and purpose of the Tour de France.$(1)1\mathrm{.}21\mathrm{.}2$ How did the event attract competitors and spectator. $(2)1\mathrm{.}3$ Discuss the role of media $($newspapers$,$ radio, and television$)$ in the expansion of the Tour de France's coverage and prestige.$(5)1\mathrm{.}4$ How has digital technology changed the way fans engage with the Tour de France? Provide specific examples from the case study.$(5)1\mathrm{.}5$ What technological advancements have been introduced to the Tour de France since $2014,$ and how do they enhance the race experience?$(4)1\mathrm{.}6$ What is the purpose on instant messaging $(3)1\mathrm{.}7$ Discuss the FOUR benefits of social media in the student learning life.$(8)1\mathrm{.}8$ List any THREE examples of social media platforms that can used to promote educational programs.$(3)$ QUESTIONS $2[32$ MARKS$]2\mathrm{.}1$Recommend and discuss THREE most important technologies that Tour de France can use to safeguard their information resource.$(6)2\mathrm{.}2$ Explain to Tour de France what computing crime is and provide any FOUR examples of computers used as instruments of crime.$(6)2\mathrm{.}3$ Explain what is hotspot.$(2)2\mathrm{.}4$ List any three locations where Hotspot is offered for free.$(3)2\mathrm{.}5$ Explain how internal threats occur within an organisation.$(5)2\mathrm{.}6$ Explain the role of customer services modules in Customer Relationship management.$(4)2\mathrm{.}7$ List three examples of smartphones. $(3)2\mathrm{.}8$ Describe Bluetooth.$(3)$