QUESTION $1[40$ MARKS$]1\mathrm{.}1$ In the context of construction projects, critically analyze the importance of the project planning phase within the overall project life cycle. In your response, briefly highlight the key objectives and outcomes of this phase, using relevant examples to support your discussion. $(20$ Marks$)$

$1\mathrm{.}2$ Bennett $(2003)$ emphasized the importance of construction managers taking the external environment into account during project planning to minimize the impact of deviations. Considering this, analyze the primary trade$-$offs that project managers must carefully manage when overseeing construction projects, utilizing relevant frameworks in your response. $(20$ Marks$)$

SECTION B $[60$ MARKS$]$ Answer any three $(3)$ questions in this section. QUESTION $2(20$ Marks$)$ As noted in Project Management Gazette Volume $3,$ numerous projects in $2024$ failed to materialize, leading to an estimated R$3$ billion losses across South Africa's public and private sectors$.$ Demonstrate the key factors that may have contributed to these projects not being completed as planned. QUESTION $3(20$ Marks$)$ You are currently working with the Engineering Department projects office for eThekwini Municipality, and the City Manager has requested a detailed presentation of the project activities that should be prioritized within the project plan for one of your flagship projects. To effectively present the deliverables, assess the tool and technique you will use to meet the City Manager's request.