QUESTION 1 - 4 PAGES

A researcher conducted a study to determine the effectiveness of the Phonics Method, Look and Say Method and Alphabet Method in teaching reading to young learners. She used a quasi-experimental design for her study and selected five year olds and divided them into three groups as shown in the table below.

Group	N
Phonics Method	30
Whole Word Method	30
Alphabet Method	30

At the end of the experiment which lasted for 10 weeks, all subjects were tested on their reading skills and their scores were compared.

Why do you think the researcher selected a quasi-experimental design and not a true design?

State TWO (2) null hypotheses for the study.

Discuss FOUR (4) threats to the internal validity of the experiment.

Explain any TWO (2) techniques that the researcher could use to ensure the three groups are equivalent in ability.

In order to reject the null hypothesis, it is necessary to analyse the data statistically. Explain.

QUESTION 2 3 pages

Attitude Toward the Death Penalty

Design a FIVE (5) item attitude scale to measure the above. [include it in your answer]

Briefly describe how you would ensure that the attitude scale measures what it is supposed to measure.