Question 1 (4 points)

How often does your entire blood volume usually get filtered by your kidneys in a day?

a	10 -15 times
b	20-25 times
c	30-35 times
d	40-45 times

Question 2 (4 points)

Where does blood enter your kidney?

a	renal vein
b	renal artery
c	carotid artery
d	collecting duct

Question 4 (4 points)

The process of removing substances from the blood and moving them into the tubules for removal is called ____.

a	reabsorption
b	secretion
c	filtration
d	excretion

Question 6 (4 points)

When is the blood considered to be "too acidic" ?

a	when the pH is less than 7.35
b	when the pH is exactly 7.35
c	when the pH is greater than 7.45
d	never

Question 10 (4 points)

A sample of blood was taken from a patient's kidney and found to have a pH of 7.5. This indicates that the blood is basic. What should the kidneys do to correct this?

a	reabsorb hydrogen ions and filter out bicarbonate
b	the kidneys will retain sodium and water
c	the kidneys will release sodium and water
d	filter out hydrogen ions and absorb more bicarbonate

Question 11 (4 points)

The process of substances filtered into the tubules being moved back into the bloodstream is called _____.

a	reabsorption
b	secretion
c	filtration
d	excretion

Question 12 (4 points)

What influence does the hormone ADH have on the nephrons?

a	When present it causes the proximal tubule to secrete water.
b	When present it causes the Loop of Henle to reabsorb toxins.
c	When present it causes the collecting duct to reabsorb water.
d	It has no effect on the nephrons.

Question 13 (4 points)

A sample of blood was taken from a patient's kidney and found to have a pH of 7.2. This indicates that the blood is acidic. What should the kidneys do to correct this?

a	reabsorb hydrogen ions and filter out bicarbonate
b	the kidneys will retain sodium and water
c	the kidneys will release sodium and water
d	filter out hydrogen ions and absorb more bicarbonate

Question 15 (4 points)

Where is urine stored in your body?

a	kidneys
b	bladder
c	ureter
d	urethra

Question 16 (4 points)

How many structures are in the urinary system that help the system function?

a	3
b	4
c	5
d	6

Question 17 (4 points)

A routine urinalysis was completed on a patient and the results showed a low specific gravity

a	a diet rich in vegetables and dairy products
b	a diet high in protein or cranberry juice
c	a diet with decreased fluid intake or loss of fluids
d	a diet with increased fluid intake

Question 18 (4 points)

A routine urinalysis was completed on a patient and the results showed a high specific gravity >1.025. The patient was negative for all diseases that could be responsible. What is another possible cause?

a	a diet rich in vegetables and dairy products
b	a diet high in protein or cranberry juice
c	a diet with decreased fluid intake or loss of fluids
d	a diet with increased fluid intake

Question 19 (4 points)

Which of the following terms is used to describe a urinary tract infection of the kidneys?

a	pyelonephritis
b	cystitis
c	urethritis
d	septicemia

Question 20 (4 points)

A patient's blood pressure was measured and determined to be high. What should the kidney do to correct this?

a	reabsorb hydrogen ions and filter out bicarbonate
b	the kidneys will retain sodium and water
c	the kidneys will release sodium and water
d	filter out hydrogen ions and absorb more bicarbonate

Question 21 (4 points)

A routine urinalysis was completed on a patient and the results showed a low pH

a	a diet rich in vegetables and dairy products
b	a diet high in protein or cranberry juice
c	a diet with decreased fluid intake or loss of fluids
d	a diet with increased fluid intake

Question 22 (8 points)

Why does urine have a yellow color?

Your answer:

Question 23 (8 points)

Explain how tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion are nearly opposite processes.