QUESTION 1 [40 marks] (a) Write one sentence each to explain briefly the three main approaches to process synthesis that were introduced in this unit. [6 marks] (b) Operating costs are one of the high-level components of the annual cash flow for a new chemical plant project. What are three other high-level components of the cash flow? [3 marks] (c) In one sentence each, briefly describe two design options for controlling the temperature in a gas-phase packed bed reactor. For both options, make a very brief comment about when it might be used OR what implications it has. [6 marks] (d) When we talk about discounted cash flow (DCF), what is meant by "discounting"? What effect does it have on the cash flows and profitability? [4 marks] (e) What are two uses of heuristics in process synthesis? What is one chemical engineering heuristic you have encountered? [4 marks] (f) What does process intensification (PI) aim to do? What is one example of an intensified equipment item? [4 marks] (g) What causes Consistency Errors in Hysys? How do you fix them? [4 marks] (h) What are two examples of plantwide process control objectives? [4 marks] (i) What information does the Pinch Design Method (PDM) produce? How does the CP Inequality help you perform the PDM? [5 marks]