Question 1 (45) Study the following case study and answer the questions after that. The traditional practices in Industrial Engineering and Operations Management involve supervising, managing, and linking the needs of the company to employees *Resource Alignment", in order to improve and optimize resources to increase efficiency, productivity, quality, and cost reduction. Among these practices is work study work measurement and work sampling, a very common techniques used by the Industrial Engineer to improve methods and work measurements in order to establish operations standard times. Many practitioners mention the techniques for the determination of standard times, one of them being the work sampling. It is a specific approach to measuring labour productivity. The traditional way to use the work sampling is to explore the content and the context of the activity during a work period during a period of time. The work sampling is a technique that during the study makes a series of random observations about the resource employed (man, machine, or process) that are analysed. It is performed in those activities that do not have a work method and very consuming time activities and could be more than one monitored resource. This technique has been used to measure productivity in the construction area, automotive industry directly affects productivity, operators, and quality, among other metrics in the company. Establishing a lower standard time for workers, sacrificing AT (Allowance Time), does not imply that the operators produce more but, on the contrary, the operator cannot maintain his rating of 100% during the working day; in addition, they accumulate fatigue day after day. The standard time is determined from the real time affected by the rating of the operator performance and adding operator allowances for different causes that the operator may need during his working day. The type of work is an element that must be taken into account to define the Allowance Time (AT). Price proposes that the allowances time can be determined based on the metabolic cost and the local muscle fatigue where it exposes the factors involved in its determination. On the other hand, a company will divide its determination into empirical, based on static strength, based on heart rate, and based on energy expenditure; moreover, it shows the equations for each these categories. One company proposed the necessity of matching the individual's energy capacity with the job demands capacity by allowing the two hand processes whereby operators start using their two hands to operate optimally; they recommended the measurement of "standard" people reaction; however, it is difficult to find those people. Other candidate indicated that although there are several methods to define allowances, the determination is delegated to people with little skill and little experience to determine their value. 1.1Explain in detail, the way in which the work sampling can be used as an approach to explore the work content. The systematic approach of discovering the work content using the work sampling.(20) 1.2Define work sampling and give three practical examples(5) 1.3Explain systematic approach when contacting two hand process(10) 1.4Define with examples, the standard time, work study, work measurement, work sampling and activity sampling