Question $1$

$(51$ marks$)$

Case Study: Changing Dynamics in the Global Environment

The rebalancing of economic power in BRICS countries, exemplified by China's transformation, has shifted them from being sources of labour and production to consumption$-$focused economies. China's evolution from an export$-$driven economy to a growing consumer market illustrates the changing dynamics in the global environment. As the middle class expands and disposable incomes rise, there is a surge in demand for highquality goods and services, impacting logistics and supply chains. Multinational companies adapt their strategies to cater to the growing consumer base, leading to opportunities and challenges for supply chain management. Similar shifts are observed in other BRICS countries like India and Brazil, presenting new avenues for businesses to explore and optimise logistics networks to meet the evolving consumer demands. A number of logistics optimisation strategies are available to enhance prosperity.

Adapted from: Logistics Management$272$ Study Guide

$1\mathrm{.}1$ How do digital twins contribute to enhancing efficiency and innovation in manufacturing and operations? Give examples.

$1\mathrm{.}2$ Explain the relationship between hyper$-$connectivity and the digital economy. How does hyper$-$connectivity impact businesses and societies?

$1\mathrm{.}3$ Discuss how total visibility could add value to logistics operations and improve customer experiences.

$1\mathrm{.}4$ Describe a circular economy and explain how it contributes to sustainable resource management and waste reduction.

Question $2$

$(24$ marks$)$

The war in Gaza in the Middle East has led to a humanitarian catastrophe, with many displaced civilians who depend on food and other aid. The present aid strategy is not working and food is not reaching the people in need.

Would you recommend a lean or an agile supply chain for food relief to Gaza? Compare the characteristics of each and suggest the best option.

ASSIGNMENT TOTAL: $75$ MARKS