Question 1 a) A project manager is obsessed with the performance of the software application that their team is developing. In code review meetings, this project manager repeatedly rejects suggestions from the team to use refactoring to improve code structure. The justification given for this is that such changes would have a negative impact on the speed of execution of the application. What argument could you make that would change the project manager's mind about this? b) A Code City visualization of an application's source code shows one very tall building, much taller than any of the others in the cityscape. It also shows several very low buildings that cover a large area. What does this suggest about the design of the application? c) Identify one of Fowler's standard refactorings that would be useful in improving the design of the application visualized in b) Your answer should also briefly describe the process for applying this refactoring. d) A software architect observes that "there is a close connection between design patterns and refactoring". What could they mean by this statement