Question 1. Briefly discuss the following with relevant examples.

i) Population Parameter vs Sample Statistic

ii) Descriptive Statistics vs Inferential Statistics

iii) scales of measurement and importance of them in research

Question 2.

A) BB research is a not-for-profit organization in Australia. They seek your help to decide the sampling plan one would choose to collect data for following research. In each case, you are required to explain (a) minimum of two alternative sampling methods, (b) importance of each method for the research and (c) process of sampling with hypothetical data on population and sample.

1. Government wants to analysis the peoples' desire for covid vaccination and willingness to help for government plan for Covid free Australia
2. A group of researchers wants to estimate the living standard of people in regional Victoria.

B) The following table shows the monthly adverting expenditure and sales revenue of a company. You are required to estimate the covariance and correlation coefficient and explain what do these statistics tell you about the relationship between two variables and advice the company.

Sales revenue ($M)	9.6	11.3	12.5	9.5	8.5	12	11.4	12.5	13.8	14.6
Advertising expenditure ($000)	23	40	55	54	28	25	31	36	88	90

(show all the steps)

Question 3 (11 marks)

1. Sales team of a New Ventures Company is in the process of introducing a new product. As an initial step company conducted a survey of prospective customers. Estimate how large a sample should company take if they want to estimate the proportion of people who will buy the product to within 3%, with 99% confidence.
2. A researcher has taken a random sample of 8 observation from a normal population. Sample mean and standard deviations are 75 and 50 respectively. Using the 6 steps process of hypothesis testing.
   1. Can he infer at the 10% significance level that the population mean is less than 100?
   2. Can he infer at the 10% significance level that the population mean is less than 100 if population standard deviation is 50?
   3. Review the answers in (i) and (ii) and explain why the test statistics differed.