Question 1. Explain the difference betweens the Geographic Coordinate System and the Cartesian Coordinate Systems. This comparison can be based on the summary/synthesis of lectures and labs. Additional readings from textbooks and ArcGIS Help may help. Make sure to describe and/or compare the origin, the axes and how to measure coordinates for each coordinate system. (2 points)

Question 2. Explain why coordinates recorded in latitude and longitude need to be projected, i.e., what are the problems if we use latitude and longitude to do spatial analyses (e.g., measure distance, area). Give an example to illustrate your explanation. (1 point)

Question 3. Insert the MD_citiesUTMSPCS.jpg picture that you completed in Lab 2, Task 7 into the Word file. You can insert the picture into Word using the menu Insert->Picture->From File. (2 points)

Question 4. Using ArcMap and the MD cities data provided in Lab 2, measure the locations of the following cities in State Plane Coordinate System (SPCS) and in the UTM coordinate system. Write down the coordinates (in kilometers) in the blank cells of the following table. (1 point)

City	x in SPCS	y in SPCS	x in UTM	y in UTM
College Park
Annapolis

Question 5. ArcGIS records projection and coordinate system information into a file with prj extension. Open MD_cities_SPCS.prj in any text editor (e.g., WordPad, Notepad, etc.). Read the prj file, and explain the following information for the MD_cities_SPCS layer: projection, geodesy, GCS, geodetic datum and unit. Make sure you do not change the file (i.e., do not save the changes if you ever modify the content of this file. You may read ArcGIS Help to answer this question. (2 points)

Question 6. (2 points) For this question, you will learn how to download and use new GIS data layers to visually display information. We are going to use layers to be downloaded from Office of Geographic Information (MassGIS) for the state of Massachusetts. Go to www.mass.gov/mgis. On the left, click Datalayers, then click MassGIS Datalayers. You will see a list of GIS data available on this web page.

Find and download Massachusetts Counties shapefiles.

Scroll down the page to find Vector Data, navigate to Political/ Administrative Boundaries. Click on County Boundaries.

Browse this page for detailed information on the layers available for download. When ready, click Download these layers.

A dialog box Opening counties.exe may appear. Select Save File.

When warning appears (if any), click ok. After the counties.exe is downloaded into your local computer, double click the file.

The WinZip Self-Extractor window will appear. Next to the Unzip to Folder box, click the Browse button. Navigate to the folder where you plan to save your homework file. Click "Ok. Click Unzip. (You will get a message telling you the number of files that were unzipped.)

Download Massachusetts School shapefiles.

Under Vector Data, navigate to Infrastructure. Click on Schools(Pre-K to 12). Follow previous steps to download and unzip the file.

Export the map. (1 point)

In ArcMap, make sure the SCHOOLS_PT.shp, and COUNTIES_POLYM.shp layers are visible in the mapping window. Then, click menu File, Export Map, choose the file type as JPEG and save the map into your own lab space.

Insert the JPEG image/picture into the homework Word file to be submitted.

Write down the projection of SCHOOLS_PT and COUTNTIES_POLYM layers. (1 point)