Question 1

It seems that when we make a conscious effort not to think about something specific, we cant help but think of it! Researchers investigated this using a self-report. Participants were instructed, Do not think of a white bear. Each participant was studied for a period of five minutes during which time they had to say aloud what they were thinking. Following this, a short interview was conducted with each participant to ask them some questions about how they felt about the task. The findings are presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Findings from Short Interview

Participants	Number of times, thoughts about a white bear were reported during the a five minute period
1	8
2	14
3	2
4	15
5	16
6	12
7	21
8	11
9	7
10	10

a) Outline four findings from the data in this table. [8]

b) Describe how an appropriate descriptive statistic could be used with the data in this table. [6]

c) Give two strengths and two weaknesses of the descriptive statistic you mentioned in the above question. [8]

d) Outline two strengths and two weaknesses of having qualitative data in this study. [8]

e) Discuss the validity of using open questions in this study. [6] f) How might social desirability be an issue in this study? [4]

Question 2

a) As a senior researcher of your consultancy firm, describe in point form, six questions to be answered in a research proposal. [10]

QUESTION 3

Five years ago, a Government organisation responsible for health promotion conducted a major research study to investigate attitudes to healthy eating among young people aged 18-24 years. The study involved both quantitative and qualitative primary studies among students at five universities across Zambia. The quantitative research took the form of a self-completion pen and paper questionnaire. The qualitative research comprised a series of traditional, face-to-face group discussions. The organisation now wishes to carry out a review on research conducted on the same topic in other countries.

a) Discuss the appropriate method that the organization should take when reviewing studies from other countries. [5 marks]

b) With the aid of a diagram, describe four analysis tasks that the organization should consider when conducting a literature review. [8 marks]

c) Outline five common approaches that the organization should take into consideration when organising the body of the paper (reviewing other studies). [5 marks]

d) Propose two factors that should be considered at the planning stage of literature reviewing. [2 marks]