1. QUESTION # 1 Max 20 lines

Kappa, Inc. is a company in Jounieh that manufactures medical equipment, such as ventilators, a device that moves air into and out of the lungs (used today in fighting the pandemic COVID-19). Kappa has been struggling financially lately and has had to lay off many employees. In the past month, however, they received a large order for ventilators from Jounieh Hospital. As part of the contract, Kappa has also pledged to donate a large number of ventilators to hospitals in low-income communities of Jounieh.

One of the people involved in this order is Samer, a biomedical engineer who has been working for Kappa for several years. Samer is also very interested in environmental causes, and is on the board of Go Green Keserwan, an organization that campaigns for a reduction of pollution in the city. Samer was thus shocked to hear his manager, Nader, talking about the companys new waste disposal practices with another top-level executive in the company. By mistake, Samer overheard them discussing how the company has relaxed its waste disposal policies due to a lack of funds. Kappa was now releasing significantly larger amounts of highly toxic waste into the sea than was acceptable by Lebanese standards.

Samer went and spoke to Nader about this in private afterwards. Nader insisted that this pollution is not a big deal and that they plan to go back to their initial waste practices as soon as the companys finances are healthier. This was just a temporary solution so that the company can stay alive without having to fire any more employees, although he could not promise exactly when Kappa will change their policies back. Nader pointed out that it is very important that this ventilator delivery goes well so that Kappa can get more such contracts in the future. Nader also reminded Samer about the large number of ventilators they will be donating, a move which the company hopes will not only help many disadvantaged people, but also provide welcome publicity for the company.

Still, Samer is very confused about what he needs to do. He has a meeting with the other board members of Go Green Keserwan next week, where he has to deliver a talk about the environmental policies of companies in Lebanon. In his presentations in the past, he had always listed Kappa as one of the companies that have good environmental practices. On the other hand, Go Green Keserwan has led media campaigns against companies with bad practices, leading to a lot of negative publicity for those companies.

Construct the Ethical cycle.