Question 1: Resolving Problems Are the following arguments valid or not? Use resolution or resolution refutation to find out. Proceed in four steps Extract the propositions from the argument and name them with single letters Describe the hypotheses and the conclusion in Convert these expressions into conjunctive normal form (CNF) suitable for resolution or resolution refutation (whichever method you decide to use). List the steps of the resolution (refutation) and state the result, that is, whether the argument is valid or not. proposition al calculus a) Frank and Sarah take the AI course at UMass Boston. Sarah and George take theDiscreteMath course at UMassBoston. Whoever takes the AI course at UMass Boston ends up in a lunatic asylum. Whoever takes theDiscreteMath course at UMass Boston loses all their hair. Therefore, Sarah will lose all her hair and end up in alunatic asylum. b) Anne goes to the library on Saturday or on Sunday. John also goes to the library on Saturday or Sunday. Therefore, both Anne and John will be at the library on Saturday, or both of them will be at the library on Sunday c) If we could travel backwards in time, we could visit ourselves in the past. If we could visit ourselves in the past, someone would have done so. If someone had visited him/herself in the past, the visited person would publicize that event. No such event has ever been publicized. Therefore, we cannot travel backwards in time Question 1: Resolving Problems Are the following arguments valid or not? Use resolution or resolution refutation to find out. Proceed in four steps Extract the propositions from the argument and name them with single letters Describe the hypotheses and the conclusion in Convert these expressions into conjunctive normal form (CNF) suitable for resolution or resolution refutation (whichever method you decide to use). List the steps of the resolution (refutation) and state the result, that is, whether the argument is valid or not. proposition al calculus a) Frank and Sarah take the AI course at UMass Boston. Sarah and George take theDiscreteMath course at UMassBoston. Whoever takes the AI course at UMass Boston ends up in a lunatic asylum. Whoever takes theDiscreteMath course at UMass Boston loses all their hair. Therefore, Sarah will lose all her hair and end up in alunatic asylum. b) Anne goes to the library on Saturday or on Sunday. John also goes to the library on Saturday or Sunday. Therefore, both Anne and John will be at the library on Saturday, or both of them will be at the library on Sunday c) If we could travel backwards in time, we could visit ourselves in the past. If we could visit ourselves in the past, someone would have done so. If someone had visited him/herself in the past, the visited person would publicize that event. No such event has ever been publicized. Therefore, we cannot travel backwards in time