QUESTION $1$

Since $2020,$ there has been a global shortage of semiconductors. These are important parts useful in creating phones, cars, and medical devices. The shortage was due to the supply and demand mismatch, which resulted from factors like increased demand for semiconductors in various industries, difficulties in getting the required materials, and unexpected events like factory fires and the COVID$-19$ pandemic. To address this shortage, the private sector is working to increase production, manage supply chains more effectively, and design products that use semiconductors efficiently.

The situation described regarding the global semiconductor shortage primarily exemplifies microeconomics for the following reasons EXCEPT.

a$.$ The shortage impacts specific sectors like the electronics and automotive industries

b$.$ The shortage was a result of a shortage of $30000$ semiconductors

c$.$ Industry$-$specific adjustments are made, i$.$e$.$ efforts to increase production, optimise supply chains, and improve product designs

d$.$ The situation focuses on how specific markets react to changes in supply and demand