Question 18 O pts Lean practices used in modern supply chains support the triple bottom line through which of the following: 1. Reducing all forms of waste in a supply chain including raw materials usage and the generation of emissions 2. Improving productivity and profits through improved resource utilization 3. Reducing inventory levels, thus reducing scrap and disposal caused by product obsolescence 4. Shifting costs to other trading partners in the supply chain O Only 2 and 3 Only 1 and 2 O 1.2, and 3 1.2 and 4 O 1,2,3, and 4 Question 19 O pts A tool companies can use to help reduce raw material consumption and environmental impacts is: - O Reverse Auctions Lean Companies today need to manage the entire life cycle of a product, from design through obsolescence. This leads to: All of the above Evaluation of design alternatives that reduce raw materials usage Designing products that can be easily recycled after their useful life Understanding resource consumption throughout the supply chain A design process that incorporates input from numerous stakeholders concurrently Modern sourcing strategies often focus on reducing the size of the buying firm's supply base, thus concentrating spend with a limited number of often, large suppliers. This can run counter to supplier diversity and corporate social responsibility initiatives. Thus the buying firm must: 1. Incorporate supplier diversity initiatives into the sourcing strategies 2. Develop small, diverse suppliers to help them succeed 3. Create initiatives to seek out traditionally disadvantaged suppliers 4. Help small forms overcome barriers like access to capital es O 1.2 and 4 O 1.2 and 3 o Only 1 and 2 Only 2 and 3 O 1.2.3, and 4 Supply chains today are characterized by horizontal integration, relying heavily of trading partners to accomplish tasks and goals throughout the supply chain, to source, make and deliver products and services to customers. Thus, firms today must: 1. create supplier scorecards that focus predominantly on unit price reduction 2. Sourcing from suppliers that will uphold the buying firm's ethical standards 3. Actively work on joint improvement projects with suppliers and customers to ensure that raw material usage is minimized throughout the supply chain, 4. Develop collaborative strategies to create value for firms along the supply chain, and ultimately deliver value to the end customer. O 2.3, and 4 Only 2 and 3 Only 1 and 3 o Only 1 and 2 1.2.3. and 4