Question $2(20$ marks$)$

a$.$ Using the pump performance equation, derive the performance equation for a turbine

and state differences between the performance equations of a turbine and a pump.

$(5$ marks$)$

b$.$ Calculate the pipe friction factor using both Moody chart and Colebrook$-$White

equation when water flows in a $18-$inch pipe made of cast iron pipe at an

average velocity of $1\mathrm{.}75\frac{m}{s}.$ Assume the pipe to have an equivalent sand

grain roughness of $4mm.(10$ marks$)$

c$.$ What is the role of friction in flow of pipes and flow in water channels? How do

we account for it in calculation of discharge and velocity? $(5$ marks$)$