Question $2[25$ marks$]$

A Petroleum Refinery in a Caribbean Island adopted the Process Safety Management $($PSM$)$ Standard promulgated by OSHA $($USA Department of Labor$).$

When and why did OSHA introduce this standard? Be sure to state the standard and the purposes of adopting such a framework. $(2+3$ marks$)$

Summarize three $(3)$ disasters in the Process Industry that occurred in the $1980$s$.$ Be sure to state the date, the cause of the incident, the number of fatalities$/$injuries and the cost of the damage. $(6$ marks$)$

List the $14$ elements outlined in the PSM Standard and briefly discuss any three $(3)$ of these elements. $(2+3$ marks$)$

View the Chemical Safety Board $($CSB$)[$www$.$csb$.$gov$]$ Safety Video entitled Anatomy of a Disaster. State the name and location of the Company at which this disaster occurred. Outline the cause of the incident, the PSM elements breached and the lessons learnt. $(9$ marks$)$