Question#$2$:

Consider host M which transmits five back$-$to$-$back TCP segments to host $N.$ The first segment starts

with sequence number $430,$ and each segment contains $520$ bytes of data. Suppose that the second

segment is lost and assuming that the receiver is buffering segments which arrive out of order, answer

the following questions:

a$.$ What is the use of timers in TCP protocol? Should timer be set to long or short periods?

b$.$ Which technique is used in TCP to overcome the problem of long timeout periods?

c$.$ Draw a timing diagram which illustrates interaction between host $M$ and host $N$ using TCP

reliable data transfer. The diagram should address the following requirements:

Assuming that the sender is using the technique named in $($b$),$ show segments exchanged

between host $M$ and host $N$ such that all the five packets eventually are received by host

$N.$

Show data segment, ACKs, sequence number, number of bytes, timers, and timeouts.