Question $2$: Instruction Set Architecture $(16$ marks$)$

$($a$)$ Using the $32-$bit data $0$xAA$44$FF$88$ found at address $0$x$1000$ in memory,

compare the two forms of endianness, assuming byte addressability.

$($b$)$ Explain word alignment:

$($c$)$ Assume that word$-$sized variables A$,$ B$,$ C all have $32-$bit addresses.

Write Nios II assembly$-$language code for the if statement given below.

$($d$)$ Briefly describe basic subroutine support with RISC$-$style Call and Return.

$($e$)$ Which categories of RISC$-$style instructions are encoded with the format that

has fields for two register identifiers? Also describe other fields in this format.