QUESTION 21

Determine the maximum theoretical data rate (i.e., Shannon Hartley capacity) possible given a frequency bandwidth of 36 MHz and SNR=100.

		a. 36 Mbps
		b. 100 Mbps
		c. 72E6 bps
		d. 240 Mbps

QUESTION 22

A BER (bit error rate) of 1E-5 means that the probability of experiencing a bit error is one bit for every 100,000 bits sent.

True

False

QUESTION 23

Select the way(s) in which the data rate capacity of a link can be increased.

		a. Increase the number of levels (M) allowed per symbol
		b. Increase signal frequency
		c. Increase frequency bandwidth
		d. All of the above

QUESTION 24

Select the correct statement(s) regarding carrier and signal frequencies.

		a. increasing frequency increase data rate capacity
		b. increasing frequency bandwidth increases data capacity
		c. increasing frequency increases signal attenuation
		d. All of the above are correct statements

QUESTION 25

For guided conductive mediums such as UTP (unshielded twisted pair) and coaxial cable, thicker conductors (i.e., lower AWG numbers) result in higher data rate capacities being supported.

True

False

QUESTION 26

Select the correct statement(s) regarding UTP.

		a. UTP signals are balanced, meaning that one wire transmits the signal, while the other wire is connected to ground
		b. All UTP wire pairs within a cable (e.g., Cat 5e) are twisted at exactly the same twist ratio
		c. UTP signals are balance, which means that each wire within a pair carries the same signal, but with opposite polarities
		d. Crosstalk is never a problem with UTP

QUESTION 27

Coaxial conductors use unbalanced signals, which means that it is less capable than UTP balanced conductors with regards to data rate capacity and attenuation.

True

False

QUESTION 28

Select the correct statement(s) regarding fiber optic cable.

		a. The core and cladding within a fiber optic cable must have the same refractive index in order to achieve TIR (Total Internal Reflection)
		b. Only single mode fiber (SMF) can be constructed with either a step or graded index core
		c. Mulimode optical fibers (MMF) are vulnerable to modal dispersion
		d. All statements are correct

QUESTION 29

When considering the quality of laser light sources, a narrower spectral width is preferred.

True

False

QUESTION 30

Select the difference(s) between optical LED and LD light sources.

		a. LED light sources are slower than LDs
		b. LEDs produce incoherent light, compared to LDs which produce coherent light
		c. LDs have a more narrow spectral width compared to LEDs
		d. All of the above are differences between LEDs and LDs

QUESTION 31

APD (Avalanche Photo Diode) light detectors amplify optical signals during the optical-to-electron (OEO) conversion. PIN (Positive Intrinsic Negative) light detectors do not amplify the optical signal during the OEO process.

True

False

QUESTION 32

The use of optical amplifiers, such as the EDFA (Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) and Raman Amplification, do not require conversion from optical to electrical signals during the amplification process.

True

False

QUESTION 33

Optical amplifiers and switches do not require conversion between optical and electrical signals (i.e., OEO process).

True

False

QUESTION 34

Signal reflection within an unguided medium such as the atmosphere is never beneficial for signal transmission.

True

False

QUESTION 35

________ describes the bending of a signal wave caused by changes in the refractive index of the unguided medium.

		a. Reflection
		b. Refraction
		c. Absorption
		d. Scattering

QUESTION 36

Ensuring an unobstructed Freznel zone between communicating end points is critical for microwave communication systems using parabolic antennas.

True

False

QUESTION 37

Antenna gain refers to the increased power density that a directional antenna (e.g., parabolic antenna), has compared to an ideal isotropic antenna, in a given direction.

True

False

QUESTION 38

Select the correct statement(s) regarding multimode propagation.

		a. with multimode propagation, signals reaching the receive antenna take numerous different paths, thus resulting in multiple copies of the same signal reaching the receive antenna at different times
		b. digital signal processors (DSPs) can be used at the receiver side to align signal phase, thus reducing the negative effects of multipath
		c. use of multiple transmit and receive antennas, along with DSPs, can be beneficial for digital communication links
		d. all of the statements are correct

QUESTION 39

MIMO (multiple in, multiple out) antenna systems use multipath propagation modes to enhance signal strength and capacity.

True

False

QUESTION 40

Select the correct statement regarding antenna and electromagnetic (EM) wave polarization.

		a. The electric (E) wave dictates the polarization of the EM wave
		b. The magnetic (M) wave dictates the polarization of the EM wave
		c. Only antennas that are vertically polarized can collect horizontally polarized EM wave
		d. Circular polarization can only be created using a spinning transmit antenna

QUESTION 41

Which multiple access scheme requires the use of pseudorandom noise (PN) codes?

		a. Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
		b. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
		c. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
		d. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)

QUESTION 42

While OFDMA is not a spread spectrum technology, it has similar characteristics in the frequency domain such as signal survivability in noisy RF environments.

True

False

QUESTION 43

Select the correct statement(s) regarding OFDM.

		a. in the frequency domain, each subcarrier must be separated by a guard channel
		b. subcarriers in the frequency domain overlap one another at a specified spacing that prevents adjacent subchannel interference
		c. OFDM is considered a spread spectrum technology
		d. b and c are correct

QUESTION 44

What is true about terrestrial microwave systems?

		a. use of directional parabolic antennas are typically required for high data rate applications
		b. since transmission frequencies are very high, line-of-sight between communicating antennas is required
		c. security is poor since transmissions are easily intercepted
		d. all are true

QUESTION 45

What is true about satellite communications?

		a. line-of-sight is not always required
		b. since satellites altitudes are very high and distances very long, transmission frequencies in the high ranges (e.g., GHz) are avoided, since these frequencies attenuate over distance more quickly than lower frequencies
		c. a satellites footprint covers very large areas, therefore requiring coordination with ITU regarding operating frequencies
		d. All are true