Question: Question 3 (10 marks) Liquid hydrogen (LH2) provides larger density and efficiency gains over gaseous transport and storage, making it an attractive option for scaling

Question 3 (10 marks) Liquid hydrogen (LH2) provides larger density and efficiency gains over gaseous transport and storage, making it an attractive option for scaling up the hydrogen supply infrastructure and long-distance hydrogen-powered trucks, trains, ships and aeroplanes. Tube trailers used for LH2 road transport can take volumes exceeding 60m3 capacities. The hazards and associated risks for LH2 are somewhat different from compressed gaseous hydrogen (CGH2). Liquid hydrogen is generally stored in double-wall, vacuum super-insulated tanks. The worst-case incident scenario is a failure of the LH2 tank in a fire, releasing the stored mechanical and chemical energy in a form of a blast wave of a complex structure. In the case of LH2 storage rupture, a boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE) is usually taken as the worst case, which suddenly releases of a large mass of pressurised superheated liquid to the atmosphere. Based on the information provided and applying your engineering knowledge, please attempt the questions below. (1) Please explain how a BLEVE occurs to a flammable liquid storage. NOTE: please use thermodynamics theory and explain the process of BLEVE. (7 marks) (2) If BLEVE has happened to an LH2 container, please list what physical effects are involved. ( 3 marks)

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