Question $32(1\mathrm{.}31$ points$)$

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Mary Dogood, a member of the school board in ABC County, is appalled at the amount of junk food in the schools. She convinces the state legislature to pass an ordinance that no stores may sell any unhealthy junk food within $500$ feet of any school or day care center, arguing that such a regulation is a valid exercise of the state's police power to protect its citizens. Convenience stores balk at the regulation and challenge it in court. What concept is addressed in regard to the reference to "police power"?

The powers granted to state government to imprison citizens of other states who commit crimes within their state.

The residual powers retained by the federal government to enforce valid laws and regulations.

The powers granted to local governments to enter residences without a search warrant.

The powers granted to state government to tax for the purposes of having law enforcement.

The residual powers retained by each state to safeguard the health and welfare of its citizens.