QUESTION $3(25$ Marks$)$

Barriers to effective planning include the following:

$$ Lack of environmental knowledge $($such as possible economic and technology changes$)$

$$ Lack of organisational knowledge $($such as a lack of understanding about the organisation$$s strategy and capabilities$)$

$$ Reluctance to establish goals $($for example, due to fear of failure and lack of confidence$)$

$$ Resistance to change, as change is inherent in planning

$$ Time and expense

$$ Lack of commitment from senior management

$$ There is knowledge gap between planners and implementers

Select any five $(5)$ of the most important $($in your view$)$ above$-$mentioned barriers to effective planning in the abovedescribed ESKOM transformation dilemma and illustrate with appropriate related examples, why you hold this opinion.