Question $3$: A CSRF attack occurs when a malicious website tricks an authenticated user$$s browser into performing an unwanted action on a trusted site. The attacker exploits the user$$s existing session to perform actions without their knowledge. CSRF attacks can lead to unauthorized fund transfers, password changes, or malicious actions. Explains how Cookies help to prevent this attack. $(10$ points$)$

Question $4$: DNS propagation refers to updating information on the internet$$s DNS $($Domain Name System$)$ servers. When you make changes to your domain$$s DNS settings $($such as updating IP addresses or adding new records$),$ it takes time for these changes to propagate across all DNS servers worldwide. The reason is the multiple cache servers that you can use to optimize the query process on the Internet. Several factors affect the time to converge a DNS network. Cite one factor that impacts the caching process and can be optimized to speed up DNS propagation. $(10$ points$)$