Question $3$

According to the British Standard Institute, time study is "The application of techniques designed to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance."

Andrea, who is appointed as the operator at an engineering project company, completed $60$ components in a total working period of $7$ hours and $15$ minutes. The given time includes the setup time required to prepare the machine before starting the batch.

You are given the following standard times:

Setup time per batch $=30$ minutes

Standard production time per piece $=7\mathrm{.}5$ minutes

$3\mathrm{.}1$ Calculate the standard time allowed for the full job, including the setup time and the production time for all $60$ components. Show all steps.

$3\mathrm{.}2$ Determine the operator's efficiency using the standard time and the actual time worked.

$3\mathrm{.}3$ If the company wants to reduce the cycle time further, propose two practical work study interventions that an Industrial Engineer could recommend. Link your suggestions to time study and method study principles.

$3\mathrm{.}4$ Briefly explain two possible reasons why an operator might exceed $100\%$ efficiency in such a scenario, considering South African manufacturing environments.

$3\mathrm{.}5$ Elaborate on why it is important to include setup time in time study calculations is important, especially for small batches.