QUESTION $3$ : BITUMEN

$[15$ MARKS $]$

$3\mathrm{.}1.$ Bitumen is used as a binder which is exposed to various conditions during its application. Therefore, the bitumen needs to be able to withstand such conditions.

$3\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}1.$ Identify Three most frequently used modifiers to enhance the performance of the bitumen and include where it is suitable to use.

$3\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}2.$ State Three bitumen properties that are enhanced by modifiers.

$3\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}3.$ Describe the production process of the non$-$homogenous binder.

$3\mathrm{.}2.$ Draw a fully labelled diagram of single, double and geotextile seal.