Question 3

1. What do you understand by the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?

2. How far has Tanzania gone towards achieving these goals? To answer this question, some quantitative measures are required. Consider the targets for the MDGs as set out on Page 25 of the textbook.do the following table, by filling in the blanks, in order to assess Tanzania's progress in achieving the MDGs using the data from the Human Development Report 2016 which is available on the Internet at http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-report-2016-human-development-everyone

Goal	Target	Quantitative measure
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger	Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than $1 a day	% Population below income poverty line of PPP $1.90 a day (2005-2014) pp. 218-219 Value=?
2. Achieve universal primary education	Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling	2010-2015 gross primary enrolment ratio (% of primary school-age population) pp. 230-233 Value=?
3. Promote gender equality and empower women	Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably in 2005; and at all levels by 2015	Youth (15-24) literacy rate (Ratio of female to male rate) 2005-2015. Computed from the data presented on pp. 230-233 Value=?________
4. Reduce child mortality	Reduce by two-thirds the mortality rate among children under 5	Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 2015 pp. 226-229 Value=?
5. Improve maternal health	Reduce by three-quarters the maternal mortality ratio	Physicians (per 10000 people) 2001-2014 pp. 226-229 Value=?
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases	Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS	HIV prevalence, adult (% ages 15-49) 2015 pp. 226-229 _Value=?____
7. Ensure environmental sustainability	Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water	Freshwater withdrawals (% total renewable water resources) 2005-2014 pp. 264-268 Value=?
8. Develop a global partnership for development	Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order make debt sustainable in the long term	Total debt service (as % of GNI) in 2014 pp. 234-237 Value=?

3. Use the information you compiled for Part (ii) to write brief comments on Tanzania's accomplishments towards achieving MDGs.