Question 31

Given the following notation, which design is illustrated?

X1

O

X2			O
		One-group posttest-only design
		One-group pretest-posttest design
		Posttest-only control group design
		Posttest-only design with nonequivalent groups

Question 32

Given the following notation, which design is illustrated?

R

X1

O

R			X2	O
		Posttest-only control group design
		Pretest-posttest control group design
		Nonequivalent control group design
		Static group comparison design

Question 33

Jack wants to test whether runners on his cross-country team improve with his new training regimen. He measures their run times at the beginning of the season and again at the end of the season. Runners in Jack's study improving their times due to running generally and not necessarily due to the new regimen is an example of which of the following threats?

		Maturation
		Instrumentation
		Selection
		History

Question 34

Given the following notation, which design is illustrated?

X			O
		One-group posttest-only design
		One-group pretest-posttest design
		Posttest-only control group design
		Posttest-only design with nonequivalent gro

Question 35

In experimental studies, but NOT in other studies

		the researcher manipulates the independent variables.
		the researcher examines a priori differences between groups.
		the researcher manipulates the dependent variables.
		the researcher tries to eliminate the effects of extraneous variables

Question 36

A researcher's efforts to remove influence of variables other than the independent variable is referred to as

		control.
		assignment.
		sorting.
		determination.